Browsing Articles by Title
Now showing items 750-769 of 843
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Thermal infrared reference sources fabricated from low-cost components and materials
(2018)Mass markets, including mobile phones and automotive sensors, drive rapid developments of imaging technologies toward high performance, low cost sensors, even for the thermal infrared. Good infrared calibration blackbody ... -
Third-generation femtosecond technology
(2014)Femtosecond pulse generation was pioneered four decades ago using mode-locked dye lasers, which dominated the field for the following 20 years. Dye lasers were then replaced with titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:Sa) lasers, ... -
Thirty years after its foundation – where is al-Qaida going?
(2017)This article presents a framework for understanding al-Qaida, based on a new reading of its thirty-year history. Al-Qaida today is commonly labelled a ‘global insurgency’ or ‘global franchise.’ However, these labels are ... -
The threat of war and domestic restraints to defence reform- how fear of major military conflict changed and did not change the Ukrainian military 2014-2019
(2019-12-19)The annexation of Crimea and the Russia enabled rebellion in Donbas created a need for radical improvements of Ukrainian military capability. This study discusses how different, mostly domestic, reform drivers and reform ... -
Three-dimensional multiple-source focalization in an uncertain ocean environment
(2013)This letter develops a Bayesian focalization approach for three-dimensional localization of an unknown number of sources in shallow water with uncertain environmental properties. The algorithm minimizes the Bayesian ... -
Three-dimensional signal decomposition of infrared image sequences and large-scale non-uniformity analysis
(2020-09-20)The three-dimensional noise model is a methodology to analyse the noise of a thermal imaging sensor, such as an infrared (IR) camera. This allows us to decompose a noisy signal into components and quantify properties such ... -
Three-Site Diversity at Ka-Band Satellite Links in Norway: Gain, Fade Duration and the Impact of Switching Schemes
(2017)Analysis of two years of measurements from a three-site satellite beacon diversity experiment in Norway is presented. The operating frequency was 19.68 GHz, elevation angles were between 21.7° and 22°, and site separations ... -
Thugs or Terrorists? A Typology of Right-Wing Terrorism in Western Europe
(2015)Despite Western Europe’s extensive history of right-wing terrorism, a systematic categorization of key actors and events is lacking. This article aims to narrow this gap by proposing the first empirically derived typology ... -
Tiered Modelling - A Solution to Hyper-Coherent Morphological Models?
(2017)Morphological models that comprise few constraints between parameter values are considered hyper-coherent. A high degree of coherence in a model can be a problem if it results in a large and unwieldy solution space. This ... -
Time-lapse imaging of human heart motion with switched array UWB radar
(2014)Radar systems for detection of human heartbeats have mostly been single-channel systems with limited spatial resolution. In this paper, a radar system for ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging of the human heart is presented. To ... -
To Learn or not to Learn: On the Importance of Mode Switching in Educational Wargames
(2022-09-19)Conventional wisdom holds that educational wargames come with certain challenges – factors that can potentially hinder, rather than increase, learning – and that these must be mitigated. In this article, we argue that ... -
Toward an architecture and data model to enable interoperability between federated mission networks and IoT-enabled smart city environments
(2018)The emergence of smart city initiatives in many areas of the world has led to rapid development and proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Successful deployments of IoT have resulted in the military looking ... -
Toward federated mission networking in the tactical domain
(2015)NATO is currently working on the Federated Mission Networking (FMN) concept, which will become the foundation for establishing mission networks in the future. The realization of the FMN concept is described in the NATO FMN ... -
Towards data-driven autonomous cyber defence for military unmanned vehicles - threats & attacks
(2022-11-28)Unmanned vehicles with varying degrees of autonomy will likely change the way military operations can be conducted, but they also introduce risks that require new ways of thinking security. In particular, the safety ... -
Towards friendly force tracking with MQTT over LoRa
(2019-11-25)With the steady growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the civilian commercial sector, the question arises as to whether such IoT concepts can also be used for defense purposes. Military needs, especially those that ... -
Towards simulation-based verification of autonomous navigation systems
(2020-09)Autonomous ships are expected to change water-based transport of both cargo and people, and large investments are being made internationally. There are many reasons for such transformation and interest, including shifting ... -
Towards Using Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Docking of Unmanned Surface Vehicles
(2022-06-10)Providing full autonomy to Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV) is a challenging goal to achieve. Autonomous docking is a subtask that is particularly difficult. The vessel has to distinguish between obstacles and the dock, and ... -
Towards XAI in the SOC – a user centric study of explainable alerts with SHAP and LIME
(2023-01-26)Many studies of the adoption of machine learning (ML) in Security Operation Centres (SOCs) have pointed to a lack of transparency and explanation – and thus trust – as a barrier to ML adoption, and have suggested ... -
Toxic effects of gunshot fumes from different ammunitions for small arms on lung cells exposed at the air liquid interface
(2021-01-14)Concerns have been raised as to whether gunshot fumes induce prolonged reduced lung capacity or even cancer due to inhalation. Gunshot fumes from three different types of ammunition calibre 5.56 mm × 45 NATO were investigated. ... -
Trace determination of primary nerve agent degradation products in aqueous soil extracts by on-line solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using ZrO2 for enrichment
(2014)A method for determination of the primary nerve agent degradation products ethyl-, isopropyl-, isobutyl-, cyclohexyl- and pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid in aqueous soil extracts has been developed utilizing on-line solid ...