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    Chemical warfare agents and their interactions with solid surfaces

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    13-00574.pdf (3.065Mb)
    Date
    2013-03-01
    Author
    Gorzkowska-Sobas, Agnieszka Anna
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    Abstract
    This literature study describes the interactions of chemical warfare agents (CWA) with materials. The materials of interest are various construction materials (concrete, plastics) and different types of surface finishing which are commonly used in urban environment or during military operations. Physical mechanisms (absorption, permeability) as well as chemical reactions (degradation) occurring on the surfaces are described, and their influence on the CWA persistency is given. It was found that degradation occurs mainly on basic surfaces, and the toxicity of the reaction products is affected by the experimental conditions and the condition of the surface. The principles behind new technologies emerging in the field of surface treatment have been included: the so-called omniphobic surfaces, able to repel any kind of liquid and the strippable coatings – paint which can be easily removed if it becomes contaminated.
     
    Det er gjennomført en litteraturstudie av kjemiske stridsmidlers vekselvirkninger med materialer. Materialene er hovedsakelig ulike konstruksjonsmaterialer (betong, plast) eller forskjellige typer av overflatebehandling som vanligvis brukes i et bymiljø eller i militært materiell. Fysiske mekanismer (absorpsjon, gjennomtrengelighet) og kjemiske reaksjoner (nedbrytning) har blitt gjennomgått sammen med deres innflytelse på vedvarenhet av kjemiske stridsmidler. Det ble funnet at nedbrytning av kjemiske stridsmidler skjer på overflater med basiske evner, mens giftigheten til nedbrytningsprodukter varierer avhengig av eksperimentelle betingelser og tilstanden til overflaten. Det beskrives også prinsipper til nye teknologier innen overflatebehandling: de såkalte omnifobiske overflater som avstøter alle typer av væsker og "strippable coatings" - maling som kan lett fjernes etter at den har blitt kontaminert.
     
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12242/989
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