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    Changes in intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism coincide with increased intestinal permeability in young adults under prolonged physiologic stress

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    Date
    2017
    Author
    Karl, J Philip
    Margolis, Lee M
    Madslien, Elisabeth Henie
    Murphy, Nancy E
    Castellani, John W.
    Gundersen, Yngvar
    Hoke, Allison V
    Levangie, Michael W
    Kumar, Raina
    Chakraborty, Nabarun
    Gautam, Aarti
    Hammamieh, Rasha
    Martini, Svein
    Montain, Scott J
    Pasiakos, Stefan M
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    Abstract
    The magnitude, temporal dynamics, and physiological effects of intestinal microbiome responses to physiological stress are poorly characterized. This study used a systems biology approach and a multiple-stressor military training environment to determine the effects of physiological stress on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic activity, as well as intestinal permeability (IP). Soldiers (n = 73) were provided three rations per day with or without protein- or carbohydrate-based supplements during a 4-day cross-country ski-march (STRESS). IP was measured before and during STRESS. Blood and stool samples were collected before and after STRESS to measure inflammation, stool microbiota, and stool and plasma global metabolite profiles. IP increased 62 ± 57% (mean ± SD, P < 0.001) during STRESS independent of diet group and was associated with increased inflammation. Intestinal microbiota responses were characterized by increased α-diversity and changes in the relative abundance of >50% of identified genera, including increased abundance of less dominant taxa at the expense of more dominant taxa such as Bacteroides. Changes in intestinal microbiota composition were linked to 23% of metabolites that were significantly altered in stool after STRESS. Together, pre-STRESS Actinobacteria relative abundance and changes in serum IL-6 and stool cysteine concentrations accounted for 84% of the variability in the change in IP. Findings demonstrate that a multiple-stressor military training environment induced increases in IP that were associated with alterations in markers of inflammation and with intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism. Associations between IP, the pre-STRESS microbiota, and microbiota metabolites suggest that targeting the intestinal microbiota could provide novel strategies for preserving IP during physiological stress.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12242/631
    https://ffi-publikasjoner.archive.knowledgearc.net/handle/20.500.12242/631
    DOI
    10.1152/ajpgi.00066.2017
    Description
    Karl, J Philip; Margolis, Lee M; Madslien, Elisabeth Henie; Murphy, Nancy E; Castellani, John W.; Gundersen, Yngvar; Hoke, Allison V; Levangie, Michael W; Kumar, Raina; Chakraborty, Nabarun; Gautam, Aarti; Hammamieh, Rasha; Martini, Svein; Montain, Scott J; Pasiakos, Stefan M. Changes in intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism coincide with increased intestinal permeability in young adults under prolonged physiologic stress. American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2017
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