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dc.contributor.authorMariussen, Espen
dc.contributor.authorStornes, Siv Marie
dc.contributor.authorBøifot, Kari Oline
dc.contributor.authorRosseland, Bjørn Olav
dc.contributor.authorSalbu, Brit
dc.contributor.authorHeier, Lene Sørlie
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-05T07:55:47Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-08T11:53:28Z
dc.date.available2018-01-05T07:55:47Z
dc.date.available2018-01-08T11:53:28Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier.citationMariussen E, Stornes, Bøifot KO, Rosseland BO, Salbu B, Heier LS. Uptake and effects of 2, 4, 6 - trinitrotoluene (TNT) in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquatic Toxicology. 2017;194:176-184en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12242/835
dc.identifier.urihttps://ffi-publikasjoner.archive.knowledgearc.net/handle/20.500.12242/835
dc.descriptionMariussen, Espen; Stornes, Siv Marie; Bøifot, Kari Oline; Rosseland, Bjørn Olav; Salbu, Brit; Heier, Lene Sørlie. Uptake and effects of 2, 4, 6 - trinitrotoluene (TNT) in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquatic Toxicology 2017 ;Volum 194. s. 176-184en_GB
dc.description.abstractOrgan specific uptake and depuration, and biological effects in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) were studied. Two experiments were conducted, the first using radiolabeled TNT (14C-TNT, 0.16 mg/L) to study uptake (48 h) and depuration (48 h), while the second experiment focused on physiological effects in fish exposed to increasing concentrations of unlabeled TNT (1 μg–1 mg/L) for 48 h. The uptake of 14C-TNT in the gills and most of the organs increased rapidly during the first 6 h of exposure (12 h in the brain) followed by a rapid decrease even though the fish were still exposed to TNT in the water. The radioactivity in the gall bladder reached a maximum after 55 h, 7 h after the transfer to the clean water. A high concentration of 14C-TNT in the gall bladder indicates that TNT is excreted through the gall bladder. Mortality (2 out of 14) was observed at a concentration of 1 mg/L, and the surviving fish had hemorrhages in the dorsal muscle tissue near the spine. Analysis of the physiological parameters in blood from the high exposure group revealed severe effects, with an increase in the levels of glucose, urea and HCO3, and a decrease in hematocrit and the levels of Cl and hemoglobin. No effects on blood physiology were observed in fish exposed to the lower concentrations of TNT (1–100 μg/L). TNT and the metabolites 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) were found in the muscle tissue, whereas only 2-ADNT and 4-ADNT were found in the bile. The rapid excretion and estimated bioconcentration factors (range of 2–18 after 48 h in gills, blood, liver, kidney, muscle and brain) indicated a low potential for bioaccumulation of TNT.en_GB
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.subjectTermSet Emneord::Fisker
dc.subjectTermSet Emneord::Dumpet ammunisjon
dc.subjectTermSet Emneord::Forgiftning av naturen
dc.titleUptake and effects of 2, 4, 6 - trinitrotoluene (TNT) in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)en_GB
dc.title.alternativeUptake and effects of 2, 4, 6 - trinitrotoluene (TNT) in juvenile Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>)en_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.updated2018-01-05T07:55:47Z
dc.identifier.cristinID1523287
dc.identifier.cristinID1523287
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.016
dc.source.issn0166-445X
dc.source.issn1879-1514
dc.type.documentJournal article
dc.relation.journalAquatic Toxicology


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