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dc.contributor.authorWendel, Cato
dc.contributor.authorFifield, L. Keith
dc.contributor.authorOughton, Deborah Helen
dc.contributor.authorLind, Ole Christian
dc.contributor.authorSkipperud, Lindis
dc.contributor.authorBartnicki, Jerzy
dc.contributor.authorTims, S.
dc.contributor.authorHøibråten, Steinar
dc.contributor.authorSalbu, Brit
dc.date.accessioned2014-01-08T14:34:24Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-05-11T07:19:38Z
dc.date.available2014-01-08T14:34:24Z
dc.date.available2016-05-11T07:19:38Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.identifier.citationEnvironment International 2013, 59:92-102en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttps://ffi-publikasjoner.archive.knowledgearc.net/handle/20.500.12242/464
dc.descriptionWendel, Cato; Fifield, L. Keith; Oughton, Deborah Helen; Lind, Ole Christian; Skipperud, Lindis; Bartnicki, Jerzy; Tims, S.; Høibråten, Steinar; Salbu, Brit. Long-range tropospheric transport of uranium and plutonium weapons fallout from Semipalatinsk nuclear test site to Norway. Environment International 2013 ;Volum 59. s. 92-102en_GB
dc.description.abstractA combination of state-of-the-art isotopic fingerprinting techniques and atmospheric transport modelling using real-time historical meteorological data has been used to demonstrate direct tropospheric transport of radioactive debris from specific nuclear detonations at the Semipalatinsk test site in Kazakhstan to Norway via large areas of Europe. A selection of archived air filters collected at ground level at 9 stations in Norway during the most intensive atmospheric nuclear weapon testing periods (1957–1958 and 1961–1962) has been screened for radioactive particles and analysed with respect to the concentrations and atom ratios of plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U) using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Digital autoradiography screening demonstrated the presence of radioactive particles in the filters. Concentrations of 236U (0.17–23 nBq m− 3) and 239 + 240Pu (1.3–782 μBq m− 3) as well as the atom ratios 240Pu/239Pu (0.0517–0.237) and 236U/239Pu (0.0188–0.7) varied widely indicating several different sources. Filter samples from autumn and winter tended to have lower atom ratios than those sampled in spring and summer, and this likely reflects a tropospheric influence in months with little stratospheric fallout. Very high 236U, 239 + 240Pu and gross beta activity concentrations as well as low 240Pu/239Pu (0.0517–0.077), 241Pu/239Pu (0.00025–0.00062) and 236U/239Pu (0.0188–0.046) atom ratios, characteristic of close-in and tropospheric fallout, were observed in filters collected at all stations in Nov 1962, 7–12 days after three low-yield detonations at Semipalatinsk (Kazakhstan). Atmospheric transport modelling (NOAA HYSPLIT_4) using real-time meteorological data confirmed that long range transport of radionuclides, and possibly radioactive particles, from Semipalatinsk to Norway during this period was plausible. The present work shows that direct tropospheric transport of fallout from atmospheric nuclear detonations periodically may have had much larger influence on radionuclide air concentrations and deposition than previously anticipated.en_GB
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.subjectMeteorologiske målinger
dc.subjectTroposfæren
dc.subjectModellering
dc.titleLong-range tropospheric transport of uranium and plutonium weapons fallout from Semipalatinsk nuclear test site to Norwayen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.updated2014-01-08T14:34:24Z
dc.identifier.cristinID1068690
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envint.2013.05.017
dc.source.issn0160-4120
dc.type.documentJournal article


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