Browsing by Author "Hassel, Bjørnar"
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Bacterial Brain Abscesses Expand Despite Effective AntibioticTreatment: A Process Powered by Osmosis Due to NeutrophilCell Death
Dahlberg, Daniel; Holm, Sverre; Sagen, Ellen Lund; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Stensland, Maria; De Souza, Gustavo Antonio; Müller, Ebba Gløersen; Connelly, James Pattrick; Rootwelt-Revheim, Mona-Elisabeth; Halvorsen, Bente; Hassel, Bjørnar (2023-12-12)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A bacterial brain abscess is an emergency and should be drained of pus within 24 hours of diagnosis, as recently recommended. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether delaying ... -
Brain infection with Staphylococcus aureus leads to high extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and zinc
Hassel, Bjørnar; Dahlberg, Daniel; Mariussen, Espen; Goverud, Ingeborg Løstegaard; Antal, Ellen-Ann; Tonjum, Tone; Mæhlen, Jan (2014)Staphylococcal brain infections may cause mental deterioration and epileptic seizures, suggesting interference with normal neurotransmission in the brain. We injected Staphylococcus aureus into rat striatum and found an ... -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Phosphate in Delirium after Hip Fracture
Idland, Ane-Victoria; Wyller, Torgeir Bruun; Støen, Randi; Dahl, Gry Torsæter; Frihagen, Frede Jon; Brækhus, Anne; Hassel, Bjørnar; Watne, Leiv Otto (2017)Aims: Phosphate is essential for neuronal activity. We aimed to investigate whether delirium is associated with altered phosphate concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Methods: Seventy-seven patients with ... -
Deletion of the γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 2 (GAT2 and SLC6A13) gene in mice leads to changes in liver and brain taurine contents
Zhou, Yun; Holmseth, Silvia; Guo, C; Hassel, Bjørnar; Höfner, G; Huitfeldt, Henrik; Wanner, KT; Danbolt, Niels Christian (2012)The GABA transporters (GAT1, GAT2, GAT3, and BGT1) have mostly been discussed in relation to their potential roles in controlling the action of transmitter GABA in the nervous system. We have generated the first mice lacking ... -
Glioblastoma microenvironment contains multiple hormonal and non-hormonal growth-stimulating factors
Dahlberg, Daniel; Rummel, Jutta; Distante, Sonia; De Souza, Gustavo Antonio; Stensland, Maria; Mariussen, Espen; Rootwelt, Helge; Voie, Øyvind Albert; Hassel, Bjørnar (2022-06-04)Background The growth of malignant tumors is influenced by their microenvironment. Glioblastoma, an aggressive primary brain tumor, may have cysts containing fluid that represents the tumor microenvironment. The aim of ... -
Glyceraldehyde metabolism in mouse brain and the entry of blood-borne glyceraldehyde into the brain
Hassel, Bjørnar; Sørnes, Kristian; Elsais, Ahmed; Cordero, Patricia Reyes; Frøland, Anne-Sofie; Rise, Frode (2024-06-22)D-Glyceraldehyde, a reactive aldehyde metabolite of fructose and glucose, is neurotoxic in vitro by forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with neuronal proteins. In Alzheimer's disease brains, glyceraldehyde-containing ... -
Hyperosmolar sodium chloride is toxic to cultured neurons and causes reduction of glucose metabolism and ATP levels, an increase in glutamate uptake, and a reduction in cytosolic calcium
Morland, Cecilie; Pettersen, Mi Nguyen; Hassel, Bjørnar (2016)Elevation of serum sodium, hypernatremia, which may occur during dehydration or treatment with sodium chloride, may cause brain dysfunction and damage, but toxic mechanisms are poorly understood. We found that exposure to ... -
Increased CSF levels of aromatic amino acids in hip fracture patients with delirium suggests higher monoaminergic activity
Watne, Leiv Otto; Idland, Ane-Victoria; Fekkes, Durk; Ræder, Johan; Frihagen, Frede Jon; Ranhoff, Anette Hylen; Chaudhry, Farrukh Abbas; Engedal, Knut; Wyller, Torgeir Bruun; Hassel, Bjørnar (2016)Background To examine whether delirium in hip fracture patients was associated with changes in the levels of amino acids and/or monoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Methods In this ... -
Intellectual disability associated with pyridoxine-responsive epilepsies: The need to protect cognitive development
Hassel, Bjørnar; Rogne, Ane Gretesdatter; Hope, Sigrun (2019-03-08)Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-responsive epilepsies are severe forms of epilepsy that manifest as seizures immediately after birth, sometimes in utero, sometimes months, or years after birth. Seizures may be treated efficiently ... -
Pro-inflammatory cytokines in cystic glioblastoma: A quantitative study with a comparison with bacterial brain abscesses. With an MRI investigation of displacement and destruction of the brain tissue surrounding a glioblastoma
Hassel, Bjørnar; Niehusmann, Pitt; Halvorsen, Bente; Dahlberg, Daniel (2022-07-29)Cystic glioblastomas are aggressive primary brain tumors that may both destroy and displace the surrounding brain tissue as they grow. The mechanisms underlying these tumors’ destructive effect could include exposure of ... -
Propionate enters GABAergic neurons, inhibits GABA transaminase, causes GABA accumulation and lethargy in a model of propionic acidemia
Morland, Cecilie; Frøland, Anne-Sofie; Nguyen, Mi Mong Tran; Storm-Mathisen, Jon; Gundersen, Vidar; Rise, Frode; Hassel, Bjørnar (2018)Propionic acidemia is the accumulation of propionate in blood due to dysfunction of propionyl-CoA carboxylase. The condition causes lethargy and striatal degeneration with motor impairment in humans. How propionate exerts ... -
Tetanus: Pathophysiology, Treatment, and the Possibility of Using Botulinum Toxin against Tetanus-Induced Rigidity and Spasms
Hassel, Bjørnar (2013)Tetanus toxin, the product of Clostridium tetani, is the cause of tetanus symptoms. Tetanus toxin is taken up into terminals of lower motor neurons and transported axonally to the spinal cord and/or brainstem. Here the ... -
Valproate is neuroprotective against malonate toxicity in rat striatum: an association with augmentation of high-affinity glutamate uptake
Morland, Cecilie; Boldingh, Karen A; Iversen, Evy Grini; Hassel, Bjørnar (2004)The antiepileptic drug valproate (VPA) may be neuroprotective. We treated rats with VPA for 14 days (300 mg/kg twice daily) before intrastriatal injection of 1.5 μmol (1 M) of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor malonate. ...